Method of making pavements, roads or streets, and cellar-floors or the like.



UNITED sTATEs WILLIAM T.,HEADLEY, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA,ASSIGNOB TO HEADLEY GOOD .BOA'DS COMPANY, OF WILMINGTON, DELAWARE ACORPORATION 0]? METHOD OF MAKING PAVEMENTS, ROADS OB. STREETS, ANDCELLAR-FLOORS OR THE Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Aug. 13,1912- DELAWARE.

LIKE.

No Drawing.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM T. HEAD- LET, a citizen of theUn itedStates, residing at the city ofPhiladelphia and State of Pennsylvania.have" invented certain new and useful Improvements in the Method ofMaking Pavements, Roads or Streets, and Cellar-Floors or the Like, ofwhich the following is a specification.

My invention relates to im'pfoveinents in roads or streets. pavements,cellar floors, or the like, and in the method of providing the same in atough, stable, resilient waterproof finished condition; and in suchconnection my invention relates to the provision of a foundation uponwhich is applied by continuing acts, cement concrete having awater-proof substance, in solution in a cold state incorporatedtherewith, the substance of which solution being of a character adaptedto hold the cement of the concrete m a jelly-like state and also offilling the interstices of the aggregated mass as well as increasing itstoughness without sacrifice of structural strength of the finishedwaterproof product.

Hitherto, pavements, roads, floors, or the like. have been produced byvarious methods, among them, by using emulsified asphalt with aggregatedmineral materials as well as bitumen in a hot condition to fill thevoids. butsuch structures have not been produced by immediate followingacts or operations, upon a foundation by placing porous cement concreteas a course, having a waterproofing substance. in solution in a coldstate incorporated therewith, so as to become more or less aggregatedwith the foundation to render the whole formation after tamping orrolling, tough and stable as well as increasing-the structural strengthof the finished product. 7

My present invention, consists of applying to a suitable foundation, :1compounded or mixed cement-concrete. unbalanced, that is, with thepercentage of stone or other mineral aggregate largely in excess of thecement, sand or other fine mineral elements to derive a cement-concretewhich is porous or honey-combed and in addition to the above elementsadding emulsified liquid Application fi led fieptember 27, 1911. SerialNo- 651,543.

I bitumen in a cold state thereto so as to perthrough the added bitumenof the emulsi fied product, and consolidated by the tamping or rollingof the said aggregated mass.

The nature and scope of my present invention will be more fullyunderstood from the following description giving certain preferredmethods for carrying out my invention, which I have practiced with mostexcellent results.

Upon preferably a cement concrete foundation which while still wet andsoft, a course of aggregated mineral matter is placed, and preferably ofthe following character, viz :Twelve parts of crushed stone or othermineral aggregate susceptible of passing through a two (2") inch meshscreen and being retained on a half (71%") inch mesh screen. The stoneor other mineral materials are subjected to a sprinklingv of a solutionof an emulsified bitumen of preferably two thirds by weight to one thirdof water by weight. The quantity of the emulsified bitumen being equalto between 12% and 20%, by

weight, of the mineral aggregate or stone 1 employed. This conglomerate.mass isthen thoroughly mixed by hand or machlnery until the elements ofthe mineral aggregate mass have become coated with said emulsifiedbitumen, when one (1) part of slow setting Portland cement and six (6)parts of sand, mixed together, are added to the mineral aggregated massso that the sand and of the same filled with bitumen of the emulsifiedproduct, the bitumen tending to retard the setting of the mass andholding the Portland cement in a jelly-like or substantially colloidalstate, whereby this otherwise brittle aggregated mass not only sets upbut is rendered water-proof, tough and resilient in its finishedstructural state, as used.

The aggregate thickness of road or like structure desired may be madecomplete by the placing of the same on a Portland cement concretefoundation in which instance the following method may be availed of tocarry out such a result. A sub-grade of cement concrete is firstprovided and of the desired thickness, composed of one (1) part ofPortland cement, four (4) parts of clean sand or other suitable finematerials and seven (7) parts of crushed stone or other suitable mineralaggregate or any other desired concrete mixture and when the concretebase has been settled, either by tamping or rolling and while still wetand in a plastic condition, the aforesaid waterproof course in a coldliquid state is added thereto, thus in the end to render the structuretough and stable as well as to give resiliency to the conglomeratemassed structure in itsstable condition, after final tamping or rollingof the same.

Having thus described the nature and obducing a pavement or road, whichconsists in coating an aggregate with an emulsion of bitumen and water,mixing the coated aggregate with sand and cement, adding more emulsionto the mixture and superimposing the resultantmixture on a hydrauliccement concrete base, while both are wet and in a plastic condition andbefore the initial set has taken place in the cement concrete base.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my signature in the presence ofthe two subscribing witnesses hereto.

WILLIAM T. HEADLEY. Witnesses THOMAS M. SMITH, HELEN F. MILLER.

